Либерализм: хубилбаринуудай хоорондохи илгаа

'''Либерализм''' гээшэ [[эрхэ сүлөө]] болон адли тэгшэ эрхын үзэл дээрэ тулгуурилһан улас түрын гүн ухаан юм.<ref>"liberalism In general, the belief that it is the aim of politics to preserve individual rights and to maximize freedom of choice." </ref><ref>"political rationalism, hostility to autocracy, cultural distaste for conservatism and for tradition in general, tolerance, and&nbsp;... individualism." </ref><ref>"With a nod to Robert Trivers' definition of altruistic behavior ({{Harvnb|Trivers|1971|p=35}}), Satoshi Kanazawa defines liberalism (as opposed to conservatism) as "the genuine concern for the welfare of genetically unrelated others and the willingness to contribute larger proportions of private resources for the welfare of such others" ({{Harvnb|Kanazawa|2010|p=38}}).</ref> Хэрбээ һунгагдаһан (классик) либерализм эрхэ сүлөөгэй илгаруулбал, ниигэмэй либерализм (социал-либерализм) адли тэгшэ байдалай шухалые сэгнэнэ.<ref name="auto">{{Harvnb|Young|2002|p=39}}.</ref> Либералнууд элдэб түрэлэй үзэлтэйшье һаа, либералнууд юрэдөө үгэ хэлэхэ, хэблэн ниитэлхэ эрхэ сүлөө, шажанай эрхэ сүлөө, сүлөөтэ заха зээли, эрхэтэнэй эрхэ, арадшалһан ниигэм, эрхэтэнэй засагай газар, эрэ эмэ тэгшэ байдал ба олон уласай хамтын ажаллалгые дэмжэнэ.<ref name="LInternational">{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberal-international.org/editorial.asp?ia_id=537|title=The Liberal Agenda for the 21st Century|accessdate=20 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207012341/http://www.liberal-international.org/editorial.asp?ia_id=537|archivedate=7 February 2011}}</ref><ref name="Nader Hashemi">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=UkVIYjezrF0C&dq=liberalism+secularism|author=Nader Hashemi|title=Islam, Secularism, and Liberal Democracy: Toward a Democratic Theory for Muslim Societies|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|quote=Liberal democracy requires a form of secularism to sustain itself|date=11 March 2009|isbn=978-0-19-971751-4}}</ref><ref name="Kathleen G. Donohue">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=htuTnexZAo8C&pg=PA1&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion#v=onepage&q=liberalism%20freedom%20of%20religion&f=false|author=Kathleen G. Donohue|title=Freedom from Want: American Liberalism and the Idea of the Consumer (New Studies in American Intellectual and Cultural History)|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|quote=Three of them – freedom from fear, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion – have long been fundamental to liberalism.|isbn=978-0-8018-7426-0|date=19 December 2003|accessdate=31 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="The Economist"><cite class="citation magazine">[https://books.google.com/?id=KBzHAAAAIAAJ&q=liberalism+freedom+of+religion&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion "The Economist, Volume 341, Issues 7995–7997"]. </cite></ref><ref name="Sheldon S. Wolin">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=ndAdGl8ScfcC&pg=PA525&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion#v=onepage&q=liberalism%20freedom%20of%20religion&f=false|author=Sehldon S. Wolin|title=Politics and Vision: Continuity and Innovation in Western Political Thought|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|quote=While liberalism practically disappeared as a publicly professed ideology, it retained a virtual monopoly in the&nbsp;... The most frequently cited rights included freedom of speech, press, assembly, religion, property, and procedural rights|isbn=978-0-691-11977-9|year=2004|accessdate=31 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="Edwin Brown Firmage, Bernard G. Weiss, John Woodland Welch">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=mQJgnEITPRIC&pg=PA366&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion#v=onepage&q=liberalism%20freedom%20of%20religion&f=false|title=Religion and Law: Biblical-Judaic and Islamic Perspectives|publisher=[[Eisenbrauns]]|quote=There is no need to expound the foundations and principles of modern liberalism, which emphasises the values of freedom of conscience and freedom of religion|isbn=978-0-931464-39-3|year=1990|accessdate=31 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="John Joseph Lalor">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=Xsk6AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA760&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion#v=onepage&q=liberalism%20freedom%20of%20religion&f=false|author=John Joseph Lalor|authorlink=John Joseph Lalor|title=Cyclopædia of Political Science, Political Economy, and of the Political History of the United States|publisher=Nabu Press|quote=Democracy attaches itself to a form of government: liberalism, to liberty and guarantees of liberty. The two may agree; they are not contradictory, but they are neither identical, nor necessarily connected. In the moral order, liberalism is the liberty to think, recognised and practiced. This is primordial liberalism, as the liberty to think is itself the first and noblest of liberties. Man would not be free in any degree or in any sphere of action, if he were not a thinking being endowed with consciousness. The freedom of worship, the freedom of education, and the freedom of the press are derived the most directly from the freedom to think.|year=1883|accessdate=31 December 2007}}</ref>